On-board and off-board performance and cost of cryo-compressed hydrogen storage are assessed and compared to the targets for automotive applications. The on-board performance of the system and high-volume manufacturing cost were determined for liquid hydrogen refueling with a single-flow nozzle and a pump that delivers liquid H2 to the insulated cryogenic tank capable of being pressurized to 272 atm. The off-board performance and cost of delivering liquid hydrogen were determined for two scenarios in which hydrogen is produced by central SMR (steam methane reforming) or by central electrolysis. The main conclusions are that the cryo-compressed storage system has the potential of meeting the ultimate target for system gravimetric capacity, mid-term target for system volumetric capacity, and the target for hydrogen loss during dormancy under certain conditions of minimum daily driving. However, the high-volume manufacturing cost and the fuel cost for the SMR hydrogen production scenario are, respectively, 2 - 4 times and 1.6 - 2.4 times the current targets, and the well-to-tank efficiency is well short of the 60 % target specified for off-board regenerable materials.
Technical assessment of cryo-compressed hydrogen storage tank systems for automotive applications
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; 35 , 9 ; 4171-4184
2010
14 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 7 Tabellen, 17 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
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