Design and Evaluation of Ship Rudders

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Design and Evaluation of Ship Rudders

Liu, Jialun

This chapter elaborates on the factors that should be considered to design a rudder. Accordingly, how to evaluate the performance of a rudder is introduced. Section 2.1 gives an introduction of the study on ship rudders. To achieve reasonable results, experiments and simulations of rudders should be carried out at relevant Reynolds numbers and angles of attack, which are discussed in Sect. 2.2. The rudder induced maneuvering forces and moments are affected by, including, but not limited to, the rudder profile, the rudder parameters, the rudder type, the number of rudders, the spacing between rudders, and the relative positions among the hull, the propeller, and the rudder. The key factors are identified through a review of each of the above-mentioned impacts on the rudder hydrodynamics in Sect. 2.3, which are further studied through CFD simulations in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-47475-1_4. To judge the quality of the rudder design, Sect. 2.5 presents the evaluation perspectives of the rudder performance in ship maneuverability, fuel consumption, and rudder cavitation. Section 2.6 draws a summary of this chapter.