Abstract Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) are present in a variety of tissues during prenatal and postnatal human development. In adult organism, they are prevalent in bone marrow and supposed to be involved in space-flight induced osteopenia. We studied expression of various genes in human bone marrow MSCs after different terms of simulated microgravity (SMG) provided by Random Positioning Machine. Simulated microgravity induced transient changes in expression level of genes associated with actin cytoskeleton, especially after 48h of SMG. However, after 120h exposure in SMG partial restoration of gene expression levels (relative to the control) was found. Similar results were obtained with bmMSCs subjected to 24h readaptation in static state after 24h in SMG. Analysis of 84 genes related to identification, growth and differentiation of stem cells revealed that expression of nine genes was changed slightly after 48h in SMG. More pronounced changes in gene expression of “stem cells markers” were observed after 120h of simulated microgravity. Among 84 investigated genes, 30 were up-regulated and 24 were down-regulated. Finally, MSCs osteogenesis induced by long-term (10–20 days) simulation of microgravity was accompanied by down-regulation of gene expression of the main osteogenic differentiation markers (ALPL, OMD) and master transcription osteogenic factor of MSCs (Runx2). Thus, our study demonstrated that changes in expression level of some genes associated with actin cytoskeleton and stem cell markers are supposed to be one of the mechanisms, which contribute to precursor's cellular adaptation to the microgravity conditions. These results can clarify genomic mechanisms through which SMG reduces osteogenic differentiation of bmMSCs.

    Highlights ► Simulated microgravity leads to osteogenic differentiation markers down-regulation. ► Reversible changes in gene expression of actin cytoskeleton associated proteins. ► Stem cell markers gene expression after exposure to simulated microgravity.


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    Title :

    Cytoskeletal proteins and stem cell markers gene expression in human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells after different periods of simulated microgravity


    Contributors:

    Published in:

    Acta Astronautica ; 70 ; 36-42


    Publication date :

    2011-07-26


    Size :

    7 pages




    Type of media :

    Article (Journal)


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English