Role of nondestructive testing (NDT) within the Russian Railroads system and relationship of testing methods, means and methodologies is defined. Necessity of introduction of the unified system of testing results recording in electronic form and cases of part breakdowns in operational conditions is demonstrated. Scheme of performance of comparative tests of new NDT means is proposed. Actually, of course, dynamics of crack development does not bear linear character and cases of accelerated crack growth under impact of some extreme conditions are always possible. The whole set of scheduled preventive measures is required for this purpose namely. Besides, testing quality depends not only on the sensitivity of NDT means, but on many other factors like equipment of shop, illumination, qualification of flaw detector operator, etc., as well. Reduction of the influence of these factors can be ensured by implementation of mechanized and automated installations and benches, as well as flaw detectors with automatic recording of testing results. Nevertheless, analysis logbooks of emergency repair cases, results of inspections and flaw detection of parts and assemblies of rolling stock at intermediate stages in the process of operation can reveal certain regularity, especially when it manifests itself for all railroads across the country. Efficiency of NDT means application from the point of view of economic efficiency and reasonability of their application for testing parts of second and third groups can be considered in similar manner. Flaw detectors available at the market of testing means and close by destination and sensitivity put customer in a predicament from the point of view of choice. Customer requires independent data on consumer properties of offered means. On this point, body being independent from manufacturing companies, allowing testing of these means and providing comparative estimation is required.