Investigations of Changes of the 2-Stroke Scooters Nanoparticles in the Exhaust- and CVS-System

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Investigations of Changes of the 2-Stroke Scooters Nanoparticles in the Exhaust- and CVS-System

Mayer, Andreas / Reutimann, Felix / Czerwinski, Jan / Comte, Pierre

Nanoparticle emissions of two 2-stroke scooters were investigated along the exhaust and the CVS (Constant Volume Sampling) systems. Two configurations were tested: regular full-flow dilution configuration (denoted as “closed”) and also a modified sampling configuration (denoted as “open”).The scooters represent two distinct modern technologies. One scooter had direct injection TSDI*) (Two-Stroke Direct Injection). The other had a carburettor. Depending on the technology, the scooters produce different kind of aerosols (state-of-oxidation and SOF content). Moreover, the scooters were operated with and without oxidation catalyst.The tests were performed at two constant vehicular speeds (20 km/h and 40 km/h). The measuring procedures are those established during the previous research of the Swiss Scooter Network. The nanoparticulate emissions were measured using SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer) and DC (Diffusion Charging) sensors.The most important results are: The type of sampling: “open” or “closed”, as well as the sampling position in the exhaust installation, significantly influence the measured nanoparticle emissions.The authors recommend NP tailpipe sampling with strong “atmospheric” dilution and the closed CVS system for gaseous emission components. That would be best suited solution for possible legislated measurement systems of the nanoaerosol from 2-stroke gasoline engines, with lost oil lubrication.