Evaluation of a New Fuel with Higher Energy Density

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Evaluation of a New Fuel with Higher Energy Density

P. E. Desmier / R. R. Hastings

In order to increase the range and endurance of fighters operating in the far northern regions of Canada, and to extend maritime surveillance capability with existing aircraft assets, the Department of National Defence of Canada has pursued the development of an aviation fuel with a high energy density. The fuel selection criteria included: an energy increase of at least 10 percent by volume over current NATO F40/JP-4; acceptable performance and durability impact on aircraft systems; and large scale availability at reasonable cost. A description of the analysis is provided which was used to determine the potential benefits to be derived from the use of a high energy density fuel. Mission analyses included discussions which cover fighter (CF-18), maritime surveillance (CP-140 Aurora), and tankers (CC-137 and KC-130), aircraft. The fuel characteristics which were perceived to have a potential impact on aircraft or engine military performance are discussed. The results of engine component rig tests are then briefly discussed to demonstrate how critical fuel blend factors were evaluated to ensure that an optimal energy/performance blend was determined. Finally, a description is provided on testing objectives for the subsequent full scale engine performance and durability testing as well as an outline of the final flight certification program for the High Density Fuel (HDF). The test results to date are most encouraging. There appears to be considerable potential for the introduction of HDF to military service.