Empirical and experimental study on the growth pattern of traffic oscillations upstream of fixed bottleneck and model test

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Empirical and experimental study on the growth pattern of traffic oscillations upstream of fixed bottleneck and model test

Zheng, Shi-Teng / Jiang, Rui / Tian, Junfang / Li, Xiaopeng / Treiber, Martin / Li, Zhen-Hua / Gao, Lan-Da / Jia, Bin

Highlights • Transfer the insights on the rather special situation/observation of moving bottleneck to the ubiquitous case of fixed bottleneck. • The role of stochasticity: Intra-driver stochasticity is needed to describe the phenomena. • The nature of the goodness-of-fit (microscopic or macroscopic) should reflect the nature of the observations to be calibrated. • The high-quality data in itself can be used to test traffic flow models and theories.

Abstract This paper aims to address a simple but fundamental question, how the traffic oscillations grow along the road. Firstly, we conduct an empirical study on the growth pattern of traffic oscillations on US-101 Freeway and German-A5 Freeway. Then we perform an experiment to study the growth pattern of traffic oscillations on a single lane with a fixed bottleneck of speed limit. Both empirical and experimental results show that traffic oscillations grow in a concave way along the road. This finding is consistent with the previous one that traffic oscillations grow concavely along the platoon following a slower leader taking on the role of a moving bottleneck, which is not to be expected a priori for a fixed bottleneck. Finally, we use the finding to test three typical car-following models. The test indicates that whereas the intelligent driver model (IDM) fails to reproduce the observed growth pattern, the 2D-IDM and the stochastic speed adaptation model could. These findings are expected to improve our understanding of the role of stochasticity in car following, and the high-quality data in itself can be used to test traffic flow models and theories.

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Document information

Title :

Empirical and experimental study on the growth pattern of traffic oscillations upstream of fixed bottleneck and model test

Contributors:

Zheng, Shi-Teng (author) / Jiang, Rui (author) / Tian, Junfang (author) / Li, Xiaopeng (author) / Treiber, Martin (author) / Li, Zhen-Hua (author) / Gao, Lan-Da (author) / Jia, Bin (author)

Published in:

Tramsportation Research, Part C: Emerging Technologies ; 140

Publication date :

2022-05-10

ISSN :

0968-090X

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2022.103729

Type of media :

Article (Journal)

Type of material :

Electronic Resource