This chapter discusses market actors and future market models that can be utilized to incorporate electric vehicles (EVs) and deal with congestions in the local grids. With the Nordic market as a point of departure, alternative market models that could be relevant for a large‐scale introduction of EVs which solve some of the challenges that are connected to the current market design include: a revised regulating power market, revised markets for automatic reserves, FlexPower, demand as frequency‐controlled reserves and markets involving vehicle to grid (V2G). Alternatively, market approaches that are fundamentally different from the current Nordic set‐up are also worth exploring, including locational marginal pricing (LMP) and other complex bidding schemes. Dealing with congestions in the distribution grid will become increasingly relevant in a future with a larger share of wind power, and more heat pumps and EVs. This will require more from distribution system operators, including: a better knowledge of their grid, the ability to map the congestions in their grid, and the ability to identify the long‐term marginal cost of grid reinforcement and compare this with the cost of making end‐users shift their demand. This brings to the forefront issues such as geographical differentiating, time of use tariffs, progressive tariffs, dynamic tariffs, payment for the right to use capacity, the order in which to deal with system balance and grid congestion, and virtual power plants.
Electric Vehicles in Future Market Models
2013-06-21
28 pages
Aufsatz/Kapitel (Buch)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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