Advances in multiagent simulation techniques have made possible the study of realistic highway traffic patterns and have allowed theories based on driver behaviour to be tested. Such simulations display various empirical features of traffic flows, and are used to design traffic controls that maximize the throughput of vehicles on busy highways. In addition to its intrinsic economic value, vehicular traffic is of interest because it may be relevant to social phenomena in which diverse individuals compete with each other under certain constraints. Here simulations are reported of heterogeneous traffic which demonstrate that cooperative, coherent states can arise from competitive interactions between vehicles. As the density of vehicles increases, their interactions cause a transition into a highly correlated state in which all vehicles move with approximately the same speed, analogous to the motion of a solid block, this state is safer because it has a reduced lane-changing rate, and the traffic flow is high and stable. The coherent state disappears when the vehicle density exceeds a critical value. The effect is also observed in reals Dutch traffic data.
Coherent moving states in highway traffic
Nature ; 396 , 6713 ; 738-740
1998
3 Seiten, 4 Bilder, 27 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Soziologie , Ordnungs-Unordnungs-Vorgang , Fernordnung , Nahordnung , Straßenverkehr , Fahrstraße , Verkehrslenkung , Verkehrssignaltechnik , Verkehrsstauung , Verkehrswesen , Kraftfahrzeug , Lastkraftwagen , dynamisches Verhalten , Fahrgeschwindigkeit , Modellsimulation , Korrelationsfunktion , Kohärenzlänge
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