R‐14

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R‐14

The First Missile with a Range of 4,000 km

Lardier, Christian

The proposed R‐14 missile was subject to a proposal on May 30, 1958. It was discussed in the Defense Council of June 20, 1958, leading to Decree No. 726‐348 of July 2, 1958, “On the Creation of the R‐14”. It was a rocket twice as large as the R‐12, intended to double the range, increasing it from 2,000 to 4,000 km. In April 1961, OKB‐586 proposed the development of space launchers derived from ballistic missiles. Kosmos‐3M was also used to launch radar calibration satellites for anti‐aircraft, anti‐missile and anti‐satellite systems. In 1995, Polyot signed an agreement with the American firm, Assured Space Access Incorporated of Arlington for the joint company, Kosmos USA, to market the Kosmos‐3M launcher. In total, there were six launch pads for Kosmos‐3M: one at Baikonur, three at Plesetsk and two at Kapustin Yar. A Kosmos‐3M was prepared for the launch of a Tselina‐OM electronic monitoring satellite.