Microwave/Millimeter Wave Holography Based on the Concepts of Optical Holography

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Microwave/Millimeter Wave Holography Based on the Concepts of Optical Holography

Amineh, Reza K. / Nikolova, Natalia K. / Ravan, Maryam

In optical holography, the hologram is essentially a planar record of the intensity of an interference pattern obtained in a single‐frequency measurement with two coherent waves. For shorter millimeter waves the production of an optical hologram requires less scaling. This chapter reviews the expressions for the intensity pattern over the hologram plane obtained in indirect microwave holography. It describes what is known in some literature sources as true microwave holography rather than quasi‐microwave holography. Detectors that have been used for intensity measurements at microwave frequencies can be categorized in two classes: antennas that can be employed along with the receiver circuits and continuous materials that change under microwave illumination. Intensity hologram measurements require a reference wave coherent with the scattered wave due to the object. Because a hologram contains information derived from the Fraunhofer or Fresnel wavefields diffracted by the object, wave front reconstruction and image retrieval can be described by Fourier transform operations.