Identification of high-emitting catalyst cars on the road by means of remote sensing

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Identification of high-emitting catalyst cars on the road by means of remote sensing

Sjödin, A. / Andreasson, K. / Wallin, M. / Lenner, M. / Wilhemsson, H.

Repeated remote sensing measurements were carried out at a site outside Stockholm, Sweden. in 1995, to investigate the ability of a remote sensor to identify catalyst cars on the road with excess emissions. Ten catalyst cars were selected from the measurements for a chassis dynamometer and service/repair study. The results show that average remote sensor CO readings based on repeat measurements can be used to fairly accurately predict CO and HC emissions, but not NO(X) emissions, from catalyst cars over a full driving cycle. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that low-cost service and repair of high-emitting catalyst cars may reduce CO and HC emissions by more than 90 % and fuel consumption by up to 20 %, whereas NO(X) emissions tended to increase. The study indicates that the fraction of catalyst cars with excess US Federal Test Procedure (FTP) emissions in Sweden in 1995 was about 10 % as regards CO and about 3 % as regards HC, and that the 'super-emitter' fraction was about 0.5 %. Despite the small fractions, these categories may account for a significant share of catalyst cars' overall CO and HC emissions.