Beschrieben werden langfristige Forschungs- und experimentelle Arbeiten an der Technischen Hochschule von Goeteborg, die unter Teilnahme des Verbands schwedischer Werften und des Ministeriums fuer technische Entwicklung durchgefuehrt wurden. Gegenstand der Untersuchungen war die Feststellung des Einflusses unterschiedlicher, in Schweroelen enthaltener Konfigurationen der Kohlenwasserstoffketten auf die Waermefreisetzung in mittelschnellaufenden Dieselmotoren. Als Pruefmotor wurde ein Dreizylindermotor mit Direkteinspritzung (d 250 mm, 130 kW/Zylinder) angewendet, dessen 1 Zylinder fuer die Untersuchungen praepariert wurde. Die entsprechende Messapparatur wird schematisch dargestellt und beschreiben. Messergebnisse fuer statistische Zwecke zusammengefasst. (Merkel)

The quality variations of bunker oil depend upon the origin of the crude, how the crude has been treated in the refinery process and which processes it has been treated with, and also how the different fractions have been mixed after the refinery process but before the delivery on board the ship. All that has offered possibilities of more complex and more varying mixtures in the fuels available. This paper describes a long term project, the aim of which was to try to clarify how different hydrocarbon structures in a fuel could influence the energy release in a medium speed diesel engine. As the fuel composition is built up from several thousands of different hydrocarbon molecules, it has been assumed that the accuracy in the measurements must be built up in a way looking after not only percent but even per mill or still lower concentrations of some components. That will correspondingly ask for high accuracy in the measurement, in the analysis and in the realization of the tests. The test engine has been a three-cylinder medium speed engine with a bore of 250 mm and a stroke of 300 mm, where one cylinder has been used as a measuring device. The chemical analysis is based upon gas chromatography, where we in most cases have been forced to distil the heavy fuel before the analysis, as the gas chromatography does not enable any analysis of heavier hydrocarbons than 40. In a distillation column the authors have been able to divide given fuels in different sections and test not only the basic fuel but also the different sections produced. In addition to normal pressure and temperature measurements the authors have also been able to analyse the exhaust as to NO(x), HC, CO and C02. As a result of the investigation it could be defined that the energy release is very strongly influenced by the composition of the fuel as to hydrocarbon molecules, chain configurations and concentrations.