Elastomers are widespread within the exploration and offshore industry, such as in seals, gaskets, hose etc. However, the interesting features of elastomer foams have only partially been acknowledged. In recent years more and more flexible foam applications proved to solve problems that could not or not sufficiently be done by other materials, especially when it comes to insulation needs. Flexible foam insulation is mainly provided by materials based on elastomers (FEF = flexible elastomeric foam). In standard applications, such as building and construction FEF products show a lot of benefits over foamed thermoplasts and thermosets, such as PE, melamine foams, phenolics etc. Their major advantage of Armaflex FEFs is the combination of flexibility with other properties, such as chemical and thermal stability, good insulation performance etc, To obtain a homogeneous, high quality level it is important to master the whole supply chain from raw materials over compounding to manufacturing. Armacell is doing all processes in house: first, elastomer based mixtures ('rubbers') are developed, tested and approved. The result are Armaprene compounds which are extruded, foamed and expanded in a second step to provide Armaflex insulation sheets or tubes. As the pure insulation material itself is only one part of the whole insulation system, Armacell is also offering compounds for adapting the tube/sheet and its mounting to the individual requirements. The paper is intended to give an overview on available technologies for thermal (cryogenic and hight temperature) and acoustic elastomeric insulation in the oil and gas sector, its restrictions and benefits as well as future potentials. Very recent and novel developments on extreme applications for elastomers will be introduced to a greater public.