A novel control algorithm for integration of active and passive vehicle safety systems in frontal collisions

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A novel control algorithm for integration of active and passive vehicle safety systems in frontal collisions

Wallner, Daniel / Eichbeger, Arno / Hirschberg, Wolfgang

It is investigated an approach to integrate active and passive safety systems of passenger cars. Worldwide, the introduction of Integrated Safety Systems and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is considered to continue the today's trend of reduction of traffic accidents and mitigating their severity and consequences. An algorithm is proposed where force levels and activation times of an adaptive restraint system are calculated based on the actual crash scenario. The method takes into account the crash severity by a forecast of the acceleration behaviour of the passenger cell. This is calculated by a simplified multi body model of the impact, considering input data from an environment recognition system. The vehicle deformations are simulated using non-linear springs with hysteresis. The characteristics of the springs are derived from NHTSA's crash database. The occupant of the ego-vehicle is considered also by a simplified rigid body model, taking into account mass and seating position of the occupant. Optimal force levels and trigger times of the adaptive restraint system are calculated in order to minimise the acceleration of the occupant. For demonstration, different configurations with different collision severity and occupant mass were investigated with numerical simulations. In almost every load case significant reductions up to 90 % of the acceleration experienced by the occupant were observed. Influences on the accuracy of the recognition of mass and stiffness of the opponent vehicle were analysed in order to derive requirements for environment recognition systems. The present study forms the basis of future work which includes a real-time application and demonstration in a vehicle.