Phenolic matrix nanocomposites based on commercial grade resols synthesis, characterization and comparison with microcomposites

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Phenolic matrix nanocomposites based on commercial grade resols synthesis, characterization and comparison with microcomposites

Natali, M. / Torre, L. / Kenny, J.M.

Polymer layered silicate nanocomposites based on a commercial grade resol were produced using a simple, low labor cost mechanical approach, providing an effective alternative to the more traditional technique based on the use of the intercalative polymerization of phenol and formaldehyde monomers. The matrix was a resol diluted in methanol. The selected nanoclay was Cloisite 30B. Two kind of nanocomposites were studied: the first one prepared at a nanoclay percentage equal to 5% and, the second one, produced at 20% nanoclay percentage. Finally, a comparison between these nanocomposites and a blend loaded with 20% of micrometric silica, was performed. The produced materials were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, SEM and thermogravimetric analysis. The first nanocomposite showed a good degree of dispersion as well as distribution of the nanoclay platelets. SEM images even showed that high loaded nanocomposite exhibited a morphology very similar to a porous media. According to thermogravimetric analysis, if the thermal stability of the nanocomposites produced at 5% filler percentage wasn't significantly better than the neat resol, then the degradative rate of 20% loaded nanocomposite was quite worse than the pristine resol.