Analysis of the battery energy flow of state-of-art electric vehicles

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Analysis of the battery energy flow of state-of-art electric vehicles

Azzerboni, B. / Giglioli, R. / Belli, G. / Menga, P.

Present-generation electric vehicles generally consist of a combination of components and parts that were originally designed for other applications and are often far from optimization from the energy viewpoint. In this situation a significant contribution to optimzation of the system can be made by the detailed analysis of current hardware, in order to assess the room, and the most promising areas for, improvement. This paper reports on the results of experimental research on the subsystems of a state-of-the-art electric vehicle, with particular reference to the battery-charger system. The analysis was performed by measuring the energy flowing at different points in the path supply system-battery-propulsion system, during battery recharging and during on-the-road operation. Vehicle consumption and energy efficiency were measured as a function of various parameters especially temperature, depth of discharge and depth of recharging, and battery aging. It appears that all these parameters significantly affect consumtion, and that, through more accurate control of battery operating conditions (mainly the recharging process), lower vehicle consumption could be achieved. Lastly, all these parameters should be carefully defined during energy consumption tests on EVs, particularly if comparisons with i.c.e. vehicles have to be made.