History of Italian Naval Doctrine

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History of Italian Naval Doctrine

L. Donolo / J. J. Tritten

INTRODUCTION TO USE OF TERM DOCTRINE AS USED IN ITALY. IN ITALIAN NAVY, TERM IS APPLIED TO NAVAL THOUGHT AND STRATEGY AND IS SIMILAR TO WHAT IS REFERRED TO IN THE U.S. AS OPERATIONAL ART. DOCTRINE MAY ALSO RE USED AT THE TACTICAL LEVEL OF WAR. REPORT REVIEWS HISTORY OF ITALIAN NAVY DOCTRINE FROM EARLIEST KNOWN TIMES, MEDIEVAL AND PRE-UNITARY NAVIES ARE COVERED, WITH SPECIFIC EMPHASIS ON THE NAVIES OF NAPLES, THE KINGDOM OF SARDINIA-PIEDMDNT. VENICE, AND WIH LESS EMPHASIS ON THE PONTIFF NAVY AND THE NAVY OF TUSCANY. ITALIAN NAVY COVEREO SINCE UNIFICATION. ANALYSIS OF DOCTRINAL ROLE DURING EARLY YEARS OF ITALIAN NAVY, WORLD WAR I, THE INTERWAR YEARS, WORLD WAR II. AND SINCE THE END OF WORLD WAR II. CONCLUSIONS INCLUDE: DOCTRINE EXISTED IN BOTH WRITTEN AND NON WRITTEN FORM; THERE ARE PARALLELS IN THE BUILDING OF A NATIONAL ITALIAN NAVY DOCTRINE FROM ITS MANY PARTS AND CURRENT EFFORTS TO CREATE MULTINATIONAL NAVY DOCTRINE; THE INFLUENCE OF FOREIGN NAVIES WAS STRONG IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ITALIAN NAVY DOCTRINE; ITALY HAS A STRONG TRADITION OF DOCTRINAL DEVELOPMENT: ITALY MAY BE AN EXCELLENT CASE STUDY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NAVY DOCTRINE BY A MEDIUM-POWER NAVY: ITALY SHARES WITH MOST OTHER NAVIES THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED MTH TRANSLATING NAVAL DOCTRINE INTO CONCEPTS UNDERSTANDABLE BY POLITICAL AND MILITARY LEADERS. (KAR) P. 3.