A Statistical Analysis of Seat Belt Effectiveness in 1973-1975 Model Cars Involved in Towaway Crashes. Volume I

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A Statistical Analysis of Seat Belt Effectiveness in 1973-1975 Model Cars Involved in Towaway Crashes. Volume I

D. W. Reinfurt / C. Z. Silva / A. F. Seila

Standardized injury rates and seat belt effectiveness measures are derived from a probability sample of towaway accidents involving 1973-1975 model cars. The data were collected in five different geographic regions. Weighted sample size available for the analysis is 15,818 occupants for which there is complete information on belt usage, injury level, age, crash configuration, vehicle weight, and damage severity. In order to obtain the standardized injury rates and effectiveness measures as well as estimates of their precision, several alternative procedures utilizing techniques for analysis of complex categorical data were examined. In Volume I, these techniques and their application to the data are described in detail. Results are presented for various injury levels for both the overall population as well as various subsets of interest (e.g., by model year, impact site or vehicle damage severity). A sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine the effect on the estimates of including various subsets of the control variables. Finally, the estimates are reworked using direct injury costs derived largely from insurance data.